Yellow Pages

City directories perform the function that Google provides today. They contain page after page of local business listings, plus of libraries, churches and much more.

Directories list all kinds of information, from train schedules to firebox locations and government officers. Some include a gazette of general-interest items.
City Directories, 1870

  Pages and Pages of Listings
The main section of a directory lists all the individual businesses in a city, by category. The listings for physicians, attorneys and grocers sometimes go on for pages. Searching for a hotel? You can't get phone numbers, price ranges or customer ratings, but at least you'll find addresses. Some states also publish state-wide business directories, often combined with geographical gazettes. Some states also publish state-wide business directories, often combined with geographical gazettes describing natural features, state history and county government services.

Business Listings, 1870

  Business Listings
Businesses are often small and local, like doctors, grocers, restaurants and druggists, but a range of equipment manufacturers are also represented. Large cities often have their own directories, but state-wide directories are also sometimes published, especially where cities are relatively small and scattered (center).


Civic Institution Listings, 1870

  Civic Institution Listings
The bigger cities offer impressive listings of services and civic institutions, including churches and benevolent societies.


Society Listings, 1870

  Society Listings
The special societies in many locations include Masonic Lodges, Temperance Societies and a whole array of lesser organizations catering to surprisingly specific groups.


Municipal Listings, 1870

  Municipal Listings
Municipal services include street rail, hospitals, fire departments, asylums, government and post offices, and much more.


Trade Unions and More, 1870

  Trade Unions and More
Trade Unions are well represented in major city directories, while states sometimes include listings of every town, with town officers and related information. Note that Cleveland's directory (center) lists 50,000 separate businesses, of which 200 are incorporated companies.